Job Hazard Analysis/PPE
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Job-related
injuries and fatalities occur every day in the workplace. These
injuries often occur because employees are not trained in the
proper job procedure. One way to prevent workplace injuries
is to establish proper job procedures and train all employees
in safer and more efficient work methods. Establishing proper
job procedures is one of the benefits of conducting a job hazard
analysis- carefully studying and recording each step of a job,
identifying existing or potential job hazards (both safety and
health), and determining the best way to perform the job or
to reduce or eliminate these hazards. Improved job methods can
reduce costs resulting from employee absenteeism and workers'
compensation, and can often lead to increased productivity. |
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Employer Payment for Personal
Protective Equipment
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Many Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) health,
safety, maritime, and construction standards require employers to
provide their employees with protective equipment, including
personal protective equipment (PPE), when such equipment is
necessary to protect employees from job-related injuries, illnesses,
and fatalities.
These requirements address PPE of many kinds: hard
hats, gloves, goggles, safety shoes, safety glasses, welding helmets
and goggles, faceshields, chemical protective equipment, fall
protection equipment, and so forth. The provisions in OSHA standards
that require PPE generally state that the employer is to provide
such PPE. However, some of these provisions do not specify that the
employer is to provide such PPE at no cost to the employee. In this
rulemaking, OSHA is requiring employers to pay for the PPE provided,
with exceptions for specific items. The rule does not require
employers to provide PPE where none has been required before.
Instead, the rule merely stipulates that the employer must pay for
required PPE, except in the limited cases specified in the standard.
The final rule becomes effective on February 13, 2008. The final
rule must be implemented by May 15, 2008.
64342 Federal Register
/ Vol. 72, No. 220 /
Thursday, November 15, 2007
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Fatal Fact |
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While changing out an electric drive motor for an elevator leg,
Employee #1 was struck several times by a rotating turnbuckle used to
maintain tension on drive belts. As a crane lifted the electric motor,
the loose tension turnbuckle started rotating and struck him. He fell
out through the existing guardrails 55 ft to the ground. Employee #1
sustained multiple fractures and was killed. |
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OSHA Standards |
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Overview
 A
hazard assessment is an important element of a PPE
program because it produces the information needed to
select the appropriate PPE for any hazards present or
likely to be present at particular workplaces. Your
employer is then capable of determining and
evaluating the hazards of a particular workplace. 29
CFR
1910.132(d)
of the PPE standard details hazard
assessment requirements. It is a performance-oriented
provision that simply requires management to use
their awareness of workplace hazards to enable them
to select the appropriate PPE for the work being
performed.
Examples of equipment required
to be provided by employers include but are not
limited to:
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Welding or wire mesh gloves;
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Respirators;
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Hard hats;
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Specialty glasses and goggles
such as those used for laser and ultraviolet
radiation protection;
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Specialty foot protection such
as metatarsal shoes and lineman's shoes with built-in
gaffs [such as those used for climbing];
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Face shields;
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Rubber gloves, blankets,
cover-ups; and
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Hot sticks and other live-line
tools used by power generation workers.
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Subpart I - Personal Protective Equipment
OSHA requires the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to
reduce employees' exposures to hazards when engineering the
administrative controls are not feasible or effective in reducing
these exposures to acceptable levels. Employers are required to
determine all exposures to hazards in their workplace and determine
if PPE should be used to protect their workers.
If PPE is to be used to reduce the exposure of employees to
hazards, a PPE program should be initialized and maintained. This
program should contain identification and evaluation of hazards in
the workplace and if sue of PPE is an appropriate control measure;
if PPE is to be used, how it is selected, maintained and its use
evaluated; training of employees using the PPE; and vigilance of the
program to determine its effectiveness in preventing employee injury
or illness.
Federal
Register Preamble to the Hazard Communication Standard
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Danger Signs
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| Written
Programs |
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 The
employer must perform a hazard assessment of the workplace to
determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which
require the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). If such
hazards are present, or likely to be present, the employer shall:
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Select, provide and require the use of appropriate PPE for each
affected employee.
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Communicate PPE selection decisions to each affected employee.
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Select and provide PPE that properly fits each affected employee.
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Conduct and document appropriate employee training.
 Written
plan
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Training
Requirements
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PPE for each process/equipment has been selected, the employer must
provide the equipment to employees and train them in its proper use.
At a minimum, each employee using PPE must know:
- When PPE is necessary
- What PPE is necessary and which PPE has been selected for each
process the employee operates
- How to properly put on, take off, adjust and wear PPE
- The limitations of the PPE
- How to determine if PPE is no longer effective or is damaged
- How to get replacement PPE
- How to properly care for, maintain, store, and dispose of PPE
After employees have been trained, periodic assessment of the
process/equipment should be conducted to ensure that the PPE is
adequate and training is appropriate.
Retraining of employees is required whenever:
- Changes in the workplace render the previous training obsolete
- Changes in the type of PPE render previous training obsolete
- Employer observed inadequacies in an employees' knowledge or use
of assigned PPE indicates that an employee has not retained the
necessary understanding or skill
Employers must verify that each employee who is required to use PPE
has received and understood the required training. This must be
accomplished via a written certification of training.
Finally, injury and accident data (OSHA 300 Log, first aid logs,
Worker's Compensation injuries) should be reviewed to help identify
problem areas.
Sample
Training Program
Confined
Space Crossword
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COMPLIANCE DIGEST |
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| Compliance
Forms |
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 Job
Hazard Analysis Form |
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Job
Hazard Analysis Form Example 1 |
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Job
Hazard Analysis Form Example 2 |
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Job
Hazard Analysis Form Healthcare Example 1 |
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Job
Hazard Analysis Form Healthcare Example 2 |
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Safety
Action Memo |
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Employee
Application For Eye Protection |
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| Compliance
Checklist |
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Workplace Inspection
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| Compliance
Publications
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 Safeguarding
Equipment and Protecting Workers from Amputations |
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OSHA
3151 Assessing the Need for Personal Protective Equipment: A Guide for
Small Business Employers |
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| OSHA
Directives |
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| OSHA
Interpretations and
Compliance |
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| Review
Commission and Administrative Law Judge Decisions
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