§1048.115 What other requirements must my engines meet?

Your engines must meet the following requirements:

(a) Closed crankcase. Your engines may not vent crankcase emissions into the atmosphere throughout their useful life, with the following exception: your engines may vent crankcase emissions if you measure and include these crankcase emissions with all measured exhaust emissions.

(b) Torque broadcasting. Electronically controlled engines must broadcast their speed and output shaft torque (in newton-meters) on their controller area networks. Engines may alternatively broadcast a surrogate value for torque that can be read with a remote device. This information is necessary for testing engines in the field (see 40 CFR 1065.515). This requirement applies beginning in the 2007 model year. Small-volume engine manufacturers may omit this requirement.

(c) EPA access to broadcast information. If we request it, you must provide us any hardware or tools we would need to readily read, interpret, and record all information broadcast by an engine's on-board computers and electronic control modules. If you broadcast a surrogate parameter for torque values, you must provide us what we need to convert these into torque units. We will not ask for hardware or tools if they are readily available commercially.

(d) Emission sampling capability. Produce all your engines to allow sampling of exhaust emissions in the field without damaging the engine or equipment. Show in your application for certification how this can be done in a way that prevents diluting the exhaust sample with ambient air. To do this, you might simply allow for extending the exhaust pipe by 20 cm; you might also install exhaust ports downstream of any aftertreatment devices.

(e) Adjustable parameters. Engines that have adjustable parameters must meet all the requirements of this part for any adjustment in the physically adjustable range.

(1) We do not consider an operating parameter adjustable if you permanently seal it or if ordinary tools cannot readily access it.

(2) We may require that you set adjustable parameters to any specification within the adjustable range during certification testing, production-line testing, selective enforcement auditing, or any in-use testing.

(f) Prohibited controls. You may not design your engines with emission-control devices, systems, or elements of design that cause or contribute to an unreasonable risk to public health, welfare, or safety while operating. For example, this would apply if the engine emits a noxious or toxic substance it would otherwise not emit that contributes to such an unreasonable risk.

(g) Defeat devices. You may not equip your engines with a defeat device. A defeat device is an auxiliary emission-control device that reduces the effectiveness of emission controls under conditions you may reasonably expect the engine to encounter during normal operation and use. This does not apply to auxiliary emission-control devices you identify in your certification application if any of the following is true:

(1) The conditions of concern were substantially included in your prescribed duty cycles.

(2) You show your design is necessary to prevent catastrophic engine (or equipment) damage or accidents.

(3) The reduced effectiveness applies only to starting the engine.